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Purpose |
To increase patient’s health literacy of their mammography procedure |
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Tag(s) |
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|
Panel |
Patient Facing Panel |
| Define-AI ID | 22110008 |
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Originator |
Patient Facing Panel |
| Lead | David Liu |
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Panel Chair |
Andrea Borondy Kitts |
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Panel Reviewers |
Patient Facing Panel |
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License |
Creative Commons 4.0 |
| Status | Published |
Patients who are well-informed about their medical diagnosis and medical treatment are foundational to a healthy patient-physician relationship. These patients are more likely to play an active role in improving their health while feeling empowered after a care episode in the hospital or clinic. More fruitful communications with the referrer and/or radiologist regarding specific patient concerns or questions are also possible if the patient is well-informed. To this end, it is necessary to provide the appropriate information to patients when scheduling their exam. Importantly, in this age of over-information, succinct information with the correct emphasis is a growing necessity especially in the field of medicine that is filled with jargon and complexity. AI technologies can uniquely assist in this goal because this task is repetitive, simple, personalizable, and easily implementable.
A patient schedules her first screening mammography online, as recommended by her primary care physician. The patient wants to obtain more information about the procedure to better understand it and address some of her potential concerns about the procedure (radiation, pain, side effects, etc). During the scheduling process, there is a step where the AI will provide the mammography procedure information to the patient in layperson language.
The patient will input their relevant health data online to schedule an appointment for a mammogram. Information will include demographics and risk factors relevant to breast cancer and to the procedure. These may include breast density (if known), presence of implants, prior surgery to the area, prior radiation of the area, family history of breast cancer, personal history of cancer, age at menarche, parity and conditions that may require special accomdations for mammography e.g. limited mobility. Using natural language processing (NLP) or other methods to parse online inputted data, the algorithm can identify key features of the patient that are relevant for the imaging test. The algorithm will output the information to help the patient learn more about her upcoming brease imaging test. Outputs may include but are not limited to: information about the procedure (duration, pain present/absent, how common is this procedure, general description of steps to take), procedure risks/ common complaints (as relevant to patient’s inputted demographics. E.g. women with dense breasts are recommended to have additional imaging tests, and commonly asked questions and answers about this procedure. If the patient wants to receive further information, relevant links will be provided. After the mammography procedure is completed, patients can be surveyed about the procedure, specifically regarding what additional information would have been helpful to know prior to the procedure to help the AI improve the comprehensiveness and succinctness of information. .
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Procedure |
mammography [MAM] |
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Anatomy |
Breast density, breast implant status, history of prior surgery |
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Gender |
[Male, Female, Transgender, Agender, other] |
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Biological sex |
Male (46, XY), Female (46, XX), other |
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Risk factors |
parity, estrogen use, menopausal status, menarche |
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Cancer history |
personal cancer history, family history of breast cancer, family history of cancer |
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Prior radiation history |
Prior history of radiation to chest wall, axillary lymph nodes and other thoracic locations |
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Chronic Diseases |
rheumatoid arthritis, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, etc |
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Medications |
Hormonal/anti-hormonal medications |
Patient procedure
|
Definition |
Patient procedure |
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Data Type |
Text |
Patient age
|
Definition |
Patient age |
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Data Type |
Numeric |
Patient sex at birth
|
Definition |
patient sex at birth |
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Data Type |
Categorical |
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Value Set |
[male, female] |
Patient self reported gender
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Definition |
self reported gender |
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Data Type |
text |
BMI
|
Definition |
Height and weight |
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Data Type |
text |
Sex Interventions
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Definition |
Description of any sex transition interventions (e.g. implants) |
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Data Type |
Text |
Breast sensitivity
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Definition |
breast sensitivity- patient self report |
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Data Type |
Numeric |
Breast density
|
Definition |
breast density |
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Data Type |
Numeric |
Breast implants
|
Definition |
breast implant status and description |
|
Data Type |
text |
Patient anxiety
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Definition |
patient anxiety about procedure- patient self report |
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Data Type |
Numeric |
Patient prior mammogram
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Definition |
Determine if patient first time having a mammogram. If yes, include BIRADS score. |
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Data Type |
Categorical |
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Value Set |
[yes, no] |
Post-mammography survey
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Definition |
Ask patients what information about the procedure would you have liked to know? |
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Data Type |
text |
Description of procedure
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Definition |
description of the arrival/check-in process, description of getting ready for the exam (putting on hospital gown, taking off necklaces, place valuables will be stored), description of the exam itself (instruction from healthcare provider, procedure, potential minimal discomfort/compression during exam, positioning) |
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Data Type |
Text and relevant images/voice-overs |
Duration of procedure
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Definition |
anticipated duration of procedure |
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Data Type |
Numeric |
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Value set |
minutes |
Procedure risks
|
Definition |
summary of procedure risks |
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Data Type |
Text |
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Value Set |
Summary of Suggestions for Procedure Prep
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Definition |
preparing for the procedure e.g. no deodorant or perfume, suggestions for reducing anxiety prior to and during the procedure, wearing a top that can be taken off leaving bottoms on vs wearing a one piece dress. |
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Data Type |
Text |
Videos of the mammography procedure
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Definition |
Have a short <1 minute video overviewing the mammography procedure if patients still want further clarification of the procedure |
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Data Type |
Video link |
List of most common complaints during the procedure
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Definition |
Based on the patient’s demographics and comorbidities, list out the most common complaints of the mammography procedure. For example, for obese patients, movement might be more difficult. |
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Data Type |
Text |
Images of the facility
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Definition |
Present images of the hospital, imaging department, the mammogram machine, and examples of mammography images |
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Data Type |
Image |
Additional links for more information about the procedure
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Definition |
Suggestions of common, trust-worthy links such as radiologyinfo.org, cancer.gov, cdc.gov, mayoclinic.org, etc. for patients to browse through if they still want more information |
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Data Type |
Text |