Focal Cortical Dysplasia

Purpose	To use AI to detect focal cortical dysplasias on MRI scans of the brain in children
Tag(s)
Panel	Neuroradiology Panel
Define-AI ID	19020013
Originator	Laura Hayes
Lead	Laura Hayes
Panel Chair	Alex Norbash
Panel Reviewers	Neuroradiology Panel
License	Creative Commons 4.0
Status	Public Commenting
RadElement Set	RDES100

                               

Value Proposition

In every child with seizures, it is important to exclude congenital focal cortical dysplasias (FCDs) as an etiology for the seizure activity. If they are resected, the child can be cured of the seizures. Unfortunately, it is often difficult to detect subtle FCDs on MRI scans of the brain. If AI can help detect subtle changes in the cortex and subcortical white matter of the brain, it would be of great benefit to radiologists and of course the children and their caregivers as well.

Narrative(s)

5 year-old boy intractable seizures has MRI scan of the brain. AI detects subtle thickening of the cortex and subcortical white matter and directs the radiologist to that area of possible concern. The radiologist then recognizes that there does appear to be a subtle area of FCD. This correlates with the EEG findings. The FCD is resected, and the patient is cured of his seizures. This technology could prevent invasive surgeries like risky intracranial grid placements and other unnecessary tests that may never even detect the FCD leaving the patient with life-long intractable seizures.

Workflow Description

The images are obtained by the MRI scanner and sent to PACS and the AI engine. The images are analyzed by the engine. The system then detects the area of cortical thickening and blurring of the grey-white junction. An alert message is sent to PACS from the engine with the identification and highlighting of the area of possible focal cortical dysplasia for the radiologist to review.

Cortical Thickness	Varied
T2/FLAIR signal hyperintensity of white matter	with and without the transmantle sign
Location	Outside and inside temporal lobe
Age	All
Comorbidities	Epilepsy, mental retardation, early seizure onset
Focal Cortical Dysplasia	Type I, II , III

Inputs

 

DICOM Study

Primary Outputs

Focal Cortical Dysplasia

Secondary Outputs

Focal Cortical Thickness

Focal Brain Atrophy

Gray- White Junction Blurring

Increased signal on T2/FLAIR in gray and subcortical white matter

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